Student Journey Blueprint

How to become a Cardiologist — your road, class by class

Class 8 to working life·15 student doubts answered ·Last checked 25 Oct 2026

The one-line route: Class 12 with Physics, Chemistry, Biology and English → NEET (UG) → MBBS with a 12-month internship → NEET-PG → 3-year M.D. / DNB in General Medicine, Paediatrics or Respiratory Medicine → NEET-SS → 3-year D.M. / DrNB Cardiology. [1] [2] [3] [4] [5]

Pick your class and the road below starts where you stand.

00 The job

What the work really is

A cardiologist is a super-specialist doctor for heart and blood-vessel diseases. In India the qualification is the D.M. (Cardiology) or DrNB Cardiology, entered through NEET-SS after an M.D. / DNB in General Medicine, Paediatrics or Respiratory Medicine. [4] [5]

A normal working day

  • See heart patients in clinics, wards and emergencies.
  • Read ECGs, echocardiograms and stress tests.
  • Do catheter procedures such as angiography in the cath lab (interventional cardiology).

Pay

Pay
LevelPay (official)
Specialist Grade III Assistant Professor (Cardiology), UPSC Advt 07/2026Pay Level 11 plus non-practising allowance [6]
Specialist Grade II (Junior Scale) Cardiology, NDMC (UPSC Advt 12/2026)Pay Level 11 plus non-practising allowance [7]
Government doctor after MBBS (UPSC CMS 2026)Pay Level 10 · ₹56,100 – ₹1,77,500 plus NPA [8]

The UPSC adverts print the pay level, not a rupee figure. PG and DM residents get stipends set by their college; private-practice income is not officially published.

Main routes

MBBS → MD → NEET-SS → D.M. Cardiology

NEET-SS is the single entrance for every DM / MCh / DrNB seat, including private and deemed colleges; no state or college may hold its own super-speciality entrance. [4] [9]

Feeder M.D. / DNB

D.M. / DrNB Cardiology takes an M.D. / DNB in General Medicine, Paediatrics or Respiratory Medicine as the prior degree. [4] [5]

Paediatric cardiology

D.M. Paediatric Cardiology takes an M.D. / DNB in Paediatrics. [5]

AIIMS, PGIMER, JIPMER, NIMHANS, SCTIMST

These institutes are outside NEET-SS counselling for DM / MCh seats. [4]

Time and cost

Time after Class 12
MBBS with 12-month internship, a 3-year M.D. and a 3-year D.M. [2] [5]
NEET-SS fee
₹3,500 per question-paper group (NEET-SS 2025) [4]
NEET-PG 2026 fee
₹3,500 General / OBC / EWS · ₹2,500 SC / ST / PwBD [3]

MBBS, MD and DM tuition fees differ by state and college, so they are not printed here.

Hidden challenges

  • The road is long: MBBS with internship, then a 3-year M.D., then a 3-year D.M. [2] [5]
  • NEET-SS has 25% negative marking (−1 for a wrong answer worth +4) and needs the 50th percentile in your paper group just to qualify. [4]
  • Central teaching posts ask for 3 years' teaching experience after the first PG degree (a 3-year D.M. counts). [6]

Who should not choose it

  • You want to stop studying at 25 — a cardiologist trains for 11 years or more after Class 12.
  • You cannot handle emergencies — heart attacks come at any hour.
  • You want a short road to a stable income — residents earn stipends for years first.
01 Your road, stage by stage

What to do at each stage — and the doubts on the way

  1. You are here Class 8 · Class 9

    Biology, Chemistry and stamina

    • NEET (UG) has Physics 45, Chemistry 45 and Biology 90 questions — 180 in all, 720 marks. [1]

    Doubt What does a cardiologist do?

    A cardiologist diagnoses and treats heart and blood-vessel diseases. The qualification is the D.M. (Cardiology) or DrNB Cardiology, after MBBS and an M.D. / DNB in General Medicine, Paediatrics or Respiratory Medicine. [4] [5]

    Next: Read the Routes list above.

    Doubt How many years does it take to become a cardiologist?

    MBBS with a 12-month internship, then a 3-year M.D. / DNB, then a 3-year D.M. Cardiology after NEET-SS. [2] [5]

    Next: Plan for a long road and pace yourself.

  2. You are here Class 10

    Choose PCB with English

    • NMC allows NEET (UG) only after 10+2 with Physics, Chemistry, Biology / Biotechnology and English. [1]

    Stream / subjects: Science with Biology (PCB) and English.

    Doubt Which subjects do I need in Class 11 and 12 to become a cardiologist?

    Physics, Chemistry, Biology or Biotechnology, and English — the subjects NMC requires for NEET (UG). [1]

    Next: Take PCB with English in Class 11.

  3. You are here Class 11 · Class 12

    NEET (UG) for MBBS

    • NEET (UG) is 180 questions for 720 marks in 3 hours, with +4 for a correct answer and −1 for a wrong one. [1]
    • Minimum age is 17 on or before 31 December of the exam year; there is no upper age limit. [1]

    Exams that open here

    • NEET (UG) 2026 — 3 May 2026 (re-exam 21 June 2026) [1] [10]

    Money help at this stage

    Lower NEET (UG) fee

    Doubt Is there an age limit for NEET (UG)?

    You must be 17 on or before 31 December of the exam year. There is no upper age limit. [1]

    Next: Prepare without worrying about an age cap.

    Doubt What percentile do I need in NEET (UG)?

    The 50th percentile for General / EWS, the 40th for SC, ST and OBC and the 45th for PwBD (General) to be eligible for admission. [1]

    Next: Aim far above the cut-off — seats go by rank.

    Doubt Is there negative marking in NEET (UG)?

    Yes. A correct answer gets +4, a wrong one −1 and an unanswered question 0, across 180 questions for 720 marks. [1]

    Next: Skip questions you cannot narrow down.

  4. You are here In college

    MBBS and internship

    • After the final MBBS exam you do a rotating internship of at least 12 months; interns get a stipend fixed by the authority that runs the college. [2]

    Money help at this stage

    MBBS internship stipend

    Doubt When can I write NEET-PG?

    Only after MBBS with your 12-month internship completed by the bulletin's cut-off — 30 September 2026 for NEET-PG 2026. [3]

    Next: Track your internship end date against the bulletin.

    Doubt Which M.D. should I choose if I want cardiology?

    General Medicine, Paediatrics or Respiratory Medicine (M.D. or DNB) — all three are feeder degrees for D.M. / DrNB Cardiology. Paediatrics also leads to D.M. Paediatric Cardiology. [4] [5]

    Next: Rank these subjects high in NEET-PG counselling.

  5. You are here Graduated

    M.D. first, then NEET-SS

    • NEET-PG: 180 MCQs in 3 hours 30 minutes, +4 correct, −1 wrong; 50th percentile to qualify (General / EWS). [3]
    • General Medicine, Paediatrics and Respiratory Medicine candidates all sit NEET-SS's Medical group paper for Cardiology seats. [4]

    Exams that open here

    • NEET-PG 2026 — 30 Aug 2026 · result by 30 Sep 2026 [3]
    • NEET-SS 2025 (latest bulletin) — 26–27 Dec 2025 · M.D. / DNB needed by 31 Jan 2026 [4]

    Money help at this stage

    Lower NEET-PG feePG resident stipend

    Doubt Can I apply for NEET-SS in the final year of M.D.?

    Yes, if you will hold the M.D. / DNB by the bulletin's cut-off date — 31 January 2026 for NEET-SS 2025. Later results are rejected. [4]

    Next: Match your M.D. exam date to the NEET-SS cut-off.

    Doubt What is the NEET-SS exam pattern?

    A computer-based paper of 150 MCQs in 150 minutes, split into three timed sections of 50 questions and 50 minutes each. A correct answer gets 4 marks and a wrong one loses 1. [4]

    Next: Practise in timed blocks — you cannot go back to a closed section.

    Doubt What score do I need to qualify NEET-SS?

    The 50th percentile or above in your question-paper group's merit list. [4]

    Next: Seats still go by rank in MCC counselling.

    Doubt Who runs counselling for D.M. Cardiology seats?

    The Medical Counselling Committee (MCC) of DGHS runs one national counselling for all DM, MCh and DrNB super-speciality seats filled through NEET-SS. [4]

    Next: Watch mcc.nic.in after the result.

    Doubt Do I need medical council registration for NEET-SS?

    Yes. Registration with NMC or a State Medical Council is mandatory and its proof is checked at the test centre. [4]

    Next: Keep your registration certificate valid.

  6. You are here Working / switching career

    D.M. Cardiology and jobs

    • D.M. is a 3-year super-speciality course. [5]

    Doubt Are there government jobs for cardiologists?

    Yes. UPSC Advt 07/2026 had 9 posts of Specialist Grade III Assistant Professor (Cardiology) at Pay Level 11 plus NPA, and Advt 12/2026 had a Specialist Grade II Cardiology post in NDMC needing D.M. Cardiology and 3 years' experience. [6] [7]

    Next: Watch UPSC's recruitment adverts.

    Doubt What is the age limit for the UPSC cardiology teaching post?

    40 for UR / EWS, 43 for OBC and 45 for SC / ST in Advt 07/2026, with up to 10 more years for PwBD. [6]

    Next: Check the age rule in each new advert.

Your school board

Any board. NMC needs Physics, Chemistry, Biology / Biotechnology and English in Class 12 for NEET (UG). [1]

CBSE, CISCE and state-board certificates count the same for every national exam on this page. Notes for particular state boards are under State rules below.

02 Exam anatomy

The exam, stage by stage

NEET (UG) → MBBS → NEET-PG → M.D. → NEET-SS → D.M. Cardiology · NTA (NEET-UG) · NBEMS (NEET-PG, NEET-SS) · NMC

NEET-SS
150 MCQs · 150 min · +4 / −1 [4]
Qualify
50th percentile in your group [4]
Feeder
M.D. / DNB Medicine, Paediatrics, Respiratory Medicine [4]
D.M. length
3 years [5]
NEET (UG) → MBBS → NEET-PG → M.D. → NEET-SS → D.M. Cardiology stages
StageWhat it isRule
NEET (UG)180 MCQs, 720 marksPCB + English; age 17+
MBBSCourse + 12-month internshipMedical council registration
NEET-PG → M.D.3-year M.D. / DNBMedicine, Paediatrics or Respiratory Medicine
NEET-SS → D.M.Medical group paper, 3-year D.M.50th percentile; MCC counselling

Stage table source [1] [2] [3] [4] [5]

Open the full exam guide
03 State rules

Rules for all of India — and your state

  • National route: NEET-SS seats in every state go through one MCC counselling. NEET (UG) and NEET-PG state-quota seats follow each state's counselling rules. [4] [3]

National route applies. This career follows the same rules in every state and UT.

05 Money help

Scholarships, stipends and fee help

Government schemes, professional-body scholarships and paid training on this path. Pick your class above and schemes you have already passed are hidden.

Fee help Open to you now From Class 11

Lower NEET (UG) fee

National Testing Agency

₹1,000 instead of ₹1,700 (₹1,600 for EWS / OBC-NCL) [1]

Who
SC, ST, PwBD / PwD and third-gender candidates, for an exam centre in India.
How
Choose your category in the NEET (UG) form on neet.nta.nic.in.
Stipend Open to you now From In college

MBBS internship stipend

Your medical college / state, under NMC's internship regulations

Who
Every MBBS intern, for the 12-month internship. It is not paid during extensions, except approved medical, maternity or paternity leave. The rate is fixed by the authority that runs your college, so it differs between states and colleges. [2]
How
Nothing to apply for — ask your college for the current rate.
Fee help Open to you now From Graduated

Lower NEET-PG fee

NBEMS

₹2,500 instead of ₹3,500 [3]

Who
SC, ST and PwBD candidates.
How
Choose your category in the NEET-PG form on the NBEMS portal; the fee is not refunded or carried forward.
Stipend Open to you now From Graduated

PG resident stipend

Your medical college, under NMC's PGMER 2023

Who
Every MD / MS / DNB-equivalent PG student in any institution — at par with the stipend of PG students in state or central government medical colleges of that state, including during the District Residency. [5]
How
Nothing to apply for — ask your college for the current rate.
06 Official sources & verification

Where these facts come from

Every number on this page comes from the official files below. Lines with no number are Margdarshan guidance. Rules change every year — open the current notice before you apply.

  1. NTA — NEET (UG) 2026 Information Bulletin (opens in a new tab) pattern, marking, age, subjects, additional-subject rule, qualifying percentiles, reservation, fees, 13 languages, MCC seats; chapter on BAMS / BSMS / BUMS / BHMS (eligibility, AACCC, AIQ reservation, percentiles); VCI 15% B.V.Sc quota · Last checked 14 Oct 2026
  2. National Medical Commission — Compulsory Rotating Medical Internship Regulations, 2021 (18 Nov 2021) (opens in a new tab) internship of at least 12 months after final MBBS, stipend fixed by the appropriate authority for 52 weeks, NExT whenever in force · Last checked 25 Oct 2026
  3. NBEMS — NEET-PG 2026 Information Bulletin (linked from natboard.edu.in) (opens in a new tab) single entrance for MD / MS / PG Diploma, institutes outside NEET-PG, 30 Aug 2026 exam, internship cut-off 30 Sep 2026, 180 MCQs in 3 h 30 min, +4 / −1, five timed sections, qualifying percentiles, MCC / state counselling, fees ₹3,500 / ₹2,500 · Last checked 15 Oct 2026
  4. NBEMS — NEET-SS 2025 Information Bulletin (opens in a new tab) single entrance for DM / MCh / DrNB super-speciality seats (NMC Act s.61(2)), institutes outside it (AIIMS, PGIMER, JIPMER, NIMHANS, SCTIMST), feeder MD / DNB lists (Cardiology and Neurology: General Medicine, Paediatrics; Cardiology also Respiratory Medicine), Medical group paper, 150 MCQs in 150 minutes in three 50-minute sections, +4 / −1, computer-based, exam 26–27 Dec 2025, eligibility cut-off 31 Jan 2026, NMC / SMC registration, 50th percentile to qualify, MCC counselling, fee ₹3,500 per group · Last checked 28 Oct 2026
  5. National Medical Commission — Post-Graduate Medical Education Regulations, 2023 (Gazette, 29 Dec 2023) (opens in a new tab) course durations (3-year MD / MS, 2-year diploma, 3-year super-speciality), District Residency Programme, stipend at par, leave rules, MS (OBG) and D.G.O. lists, M.Ch. feeder qualifications · Last checked 26 Oct 2026
  6. UPSC — Advertisement No. 07/2026 (25 Jun 2026) (opens in a new tab) Specialist Grade III (Orthopaedics), CHS: 4 posts, Level 11 + NPA, age 40 UR / 43 OBC / 45 ST, MBBS + M.S. / DNB / diploma (Orthopaedics), 3 years after PG degree or 5 after diploma; Assistant Professor (Orthopaedics), Sports Injury Centre, VMMC & Safdarjung: 2 posts; Library and Information Officer, CGWB: 1 post, Level 11, age 40, Master's in Library Science + 5 years; Deputy Superintending Archaeologist, ASI: 2 posts, Level 10, age 35 UR / 40 ST, Master's in Archaeology / Ancient or Medieval Indian History / Anthropology (stone-age archaeology) / Geology (Pleistocene) + either a doctorate or a 1-year PG Diploma in Archaeology and 3 years' field experience including excavation, duties, Group A, 2-year probation; Specialist Grade III Assistant Professor (Cardiology): 9 posts, (Neurology): 21 posts, Level 11 + NPA, age 40 UR / EWS, 43 OBC, 45 SC / ST, MBBS + D.M. / DNB in the subject + 3 years' teaching experience after the first PG degree (a 3-year D.M. counts); closing date 17 Jul 2026 · Last checked 28 Oct 2026
  7. UPSC — Advertisement No. 12/2026 (25 Sep 2026) (opens in a new tab) Specialist Grade II (Junior Scale) Cardiology, New Delhi Municipal Council: 1 post (OBC), Level 11 + NPA, age 48 for OBC, MBBS + D.M. (Cardiology), 3 years' experience after the PG degree, private practice prohibited; closing date 16 Oct 2026 · Last checked 28 Oct 2026
  8. UPSC — Combined Medical Services Examination 2026, Notice No. 9/2026-CMS (opens in a new tab) Level 10 pay for government doctors · Last checked 14 Oct 2026
  9. NBEMS — NEET-SS examination page (opens in a new tab) NEET-SS as the single eligibility-cum-ranking test for DM / MCh / DrNB; no state or institute may hold its own super-speciality entrance; bulletins by year · Last checked 28 Oct 2026
  10. NTA — Public notice: re-examination for NEET (UG) 2026 (15 May 2026) (opens in a new tab) 21 June 2026 re-exam, no fee · Last checked 14 Oct 2026

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